AS28756 EPO-AS

AS MEMBERSHIP

AS28756 is a member of the following AS sets:

AS-COLTBE Colt Belgium
AS-GBLXEU ASs of GlobalCrossing
AS3320:AS-DTAG AS set propagated by DTAG (AS3320) for IPv4 (to peers)
AS3320:AS-DTAG-V6 AS set propagated by DTAG (AS3320) for IPv6 (to peers)
AS702:AS-NL-CUSTOMER AS702:AS-NL-CUSTOMER as-set
AS-COLTDE Colt Germany
AS-COLTNL AS numbers routed by Colt in the Netherlands
AS-CEGECOM CEGECOM SA - Provider Local Registry
AS-REACH-CUSTOMERS AS List of REACH customers
AS-COLTAT Colt Austria
AS-SET-BSCCL BSCCL s as-set
AS-CEGECOM-V6 CEGECOM SA - Provider Local Registry
AS-PROLE Prolexic Technologies, Inc
AS-TELSTRA-INTL-CUSTOMERS AS List of TI(AS4637) customers
AS13335:AS-CUSTOMERS Cloudflare, Inc
AS-EUROFIBER-CUSTOMERS AS-Eurofiber Customers

AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM

AS28756 EPO-AS source:RIPE

aut-num	AS28756
as-name	EPO-AS
org	ORG-EPO5-RIPE
import	from AS8220 action pref=100; accept ANY
import	from AS3356 action pref=100; accept ANY
import	from AS15965 action pref=100; accept ANY
import	from AS8447 action pref=100; accept ANY
export	to AS8220 announce AS28756
export	to AS3356 announce AS28756
export	to AS15965 announce AS28756
export	to AS32787 announce AS28756
export	to AS8447 announce AS28756
admin-c	DUMY-RIPE
tech-c	DUMY-RIPE
status	ASSIGNED
notify	admin_network@epo.org
mnt-by	RIPE-NCC-END-MNT
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2003-02-17T15:38:20Z
last-modified	2024-10-23T13:45:50Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************

REGISTERED ROUTES

145.64.0.0/16 EPONET source:RIPE

route	145.64.0.0/16
descr	EPONET
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2005-09-21T09:56:12Z
last-modified	2023-09-08T13:56:53Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	not_found

145.64.16.0/23 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.16.0/23
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2016-11-17T15:17:48Z
last-modified	2016-11-17T15:17:48Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	not_found

145.64.128.0/21 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.128.0/21
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2016-11-17T15:19:01Z
last-modified	2016-11-17T15:19:01Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.128.0/22 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.128.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2017-04-12T14:59:44Z
last-modified	2017-04-12T14:59:44Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.130.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.130.0/24
origin	AS28756
descr	European Patent Office
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2016-11-08T09:18:22Z
last-modified	2016-11-08T09:18:22Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.132.0/22 European Patent Office1 source:RIPE

route	145.64.132.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2017-04-12T15:01:30Z
last-modified	2017-04-12T15:01:30Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office1
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.134.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.134.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2019-06-26T13:21:44Z
last-modified	2019-06-26T13:21:44Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.135.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.135.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-06-04T13:36:13Z
last-modified	2024-06-04T13:36:13Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.136.0/22 source:RIPE

route	145.64.136.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-07-02T09:29:55Z
last-modified	2024-07-02T09:29:55Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.136.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.136.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-10-03T08:16:38Z
last-modified	2024-10-03T08:16:38Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.137.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.137.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-10-03T08:17:04Z
last-modified	2024-10-03T08:17:04Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.138.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.138.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-10-03T08:17:20Z
last-modified	2024-10-03T08:17:20Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.140.0/22 source:RIPE

route	145.64.140.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-07-02T09:29:25Z
last-modified	2024-07-02T09:29:25Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.144.0/20 source:RIPE

route	145.64.144.0/20
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2020-03-09T12:06:43Z
last-modified	2020-03-09T12:06:43Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.144.0/23 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.144.0/23
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:06:26Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:06:26Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.146.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.146.0/24
origin	AS28756
descr	European Patent Office
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:09:59Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:09:59Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.147.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.147.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-06-21T13:53:05Z
last-modified	2024-06-21T13:53:05Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.148.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.148.0/24
origin	AS28756
descr	European Patent Office
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:11:25Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:11:25Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.149.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.149.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
remarks	:
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:12:03Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:12:03Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.152.0/23 source:RIPE

route	145.64.152.0/23
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-07-16T14:25:52Z
last-modified	2024-07-16T14:25:52Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.157.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.157.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-12-09T15:50:48Z
last-modified	2021-12-09T15:50:48Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.158.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.158.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:13:40Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:13:56Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.159.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.159.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:15:18Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:15:18Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.160.0/20 source:RIPE

route	145.64.160.0/20
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2020-08-17T14:59:35Z
last-modified	2020-08-17T14:59:35Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.160.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.160.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:16:10Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:16:10Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.161.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.161.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:17:11Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:17:11Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.162.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.162.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:17:41Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:17:41Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.170.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.170.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:18:18Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:18:18Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.240.0/21 source:RIPE

route	145.64.240.0/21
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-03-13T10:35:57Z
last-modified	2024-03-13T10:35:57Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.240.0/22 source:RIPE

route	145.64.240.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-07-10T17:46:06Z
last-modified	2024-07-10T17:46:06Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.241.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.241.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-06-04T09:03:11Z
last-modified	2024-06-04T09:03:11Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.242.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.242.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-03-13T10:36:16Z
last-modified	2024-03-13T10:36:16Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.244.0/22 source:RIPE

route	145.64.244.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-07-10T17:46:55Z
last-modified	2024-07-10T17:46:55Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.245.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.245.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-03-13T10:36:34Z
last-modified	2024-03-13T10:36:34Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.246.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.246.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-06-04T09:03:55Z
last-modified	2024-06-04T09:03:55Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.248.0/21 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.248.0/21
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2012-10-13T09:08:38Z
last-modified	2012-10-13T09:08:38Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.248.0/22 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.248.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2017-04-12T15:03:49Z
last-modified	2017-04-12T15:03:49Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.248.0/24 source:RIPE

route	145.64.248.0/24
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2024-06-04T13:36:43Z
last-modified	2024-06-04T13:36:43Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.250.0/24 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.250.0/24
descr	European Patent Office
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2021-01-19T15:18:53Z
last-modified	2021-01-19T15:18:53Z
source	RIPE
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid

145.64.252.0/22 European Patent Office source:RIPE

route	145.64.252.0/22
origin	AS28756
mnt-by	EPO-MNT
created	2017-04-12T15:04:17Z
last-modified	2017-04-12T15:04:17Z
source	RIPE
descr	European Patent Office
remarks	****************************
remarks	* THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks	* Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks	* data has been removed from this object.
remarks	* To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks	* http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks	****************************
rpki-ov-state	valid